Antimicrobial Effects of Ethanolic Leaves Extract from Drumstick Tree (Moringa oleifera) on the Microbial Quality of Indian Mackerel Fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta)

Lee, Khai Wey (2019) Antimicrobial Effects of Ethanolic Leaves Extract from Drumstick Tree (Moringa oleifera) on the Microbial Quality of Indian Mackerel Fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta). Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera) is native in South Asia, the ethanolic extraction from Moringa oleifera leaves has been found to contain phytochemicals such as tannins, saponins, alkaloids and phenols. Indian mackerel fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta) is a species of mackerel that commonly found in the Indian and West Pacific oceans. Previous study reported that Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas fluorescens have been isolated and identified from Indian mackerel fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta). In this research, the antimicrobial effect of ethanolic Moringa oleifera leaves extract on the microbiological quality of Indian mackerel fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta) and the selected pathogenic and spoilage bacteria were studied. 10% (v/w) of Moringa oleifera leaves extract was applied on the gutted Indian mackerel fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta) as treatment. The surface swab technique was aseptically used in treated (EX) and untreated (CF) Indian mackerel fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta), followed by inoculation and spread plate on different medium. The result showed there exists antimicrobial effect of ethanolic Moringa oleifera leaves extract on Indian mackerel fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta) due to the presence of phytochemicals and short peptides (4-(α-L-rhamnosyloxy) benzyl-isothiocyanate) in ethanolic Moringa oleifera leaves extract. In a nutshell, the findings from this research showed there was an inhibition trend observed in EX. Keywords: Ethanolic extraction, Moringa oleifera leaves, Indian mackerel fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta), antimicrobial effect, microbiological quality