Optimization of Extraction Condition for Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents from Zingiber Officinale Var. Bentong by Response Surface Methodology

Hua, Hui Ying (2019) Optimization of Extraction Condition for Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents from Zingiber Officinale Var. Bentong by Response Surface Methodology. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Ginger, also known as Z. officinale is a native medicinal plants in Southeast Asia that belonging to the Zingiberaceae family. The objective of the present study was to optimize the extraction conditions of phenolic and flavonoid contents from Z. officinale var. Bentong. In this study, three parameters used for the Soxhlet extraction were type of organic solvents, pH of the selected solvent and the extraction time. The crude extracts obtained were then analyzed for its total phenolic contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) by spectroscopic method. In addition, the amount of compounds consist in the crude extracts were identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC) profiling. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) were used for the quantification of the major non-volatile and volatile components, respectively, found in the crude extracts. Response surface methodology (RSM) was then applied for the optimization of extraction conditions to achieve higher yield of the total phenolic, flavonoid and major components contents from the Z. officinale var. Bentong. The Central Composite Design was employed to investigate the influence of the extraction parameters towards various responses. The optimum parameters for all the responses were concluded as using pH 10 ethanol for 3 hours for the extraction yield; using pH 7 hexane for 3 hours and 5 hours for higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents, respectively; and using pH 7 acetone for 5 hours for the five major components. The findings indicated that the extraction of major components of ginger could be improved by optimization process by using response surface methodology.