Determination of Biogenic Amines in Fresh Meat in Malaysia by Using Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC)

Chin, Joey Siew Rey (2019) Determination of Biogenic Amines in Fresh Meat in Malaysia by Using Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC). Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the biogenic amine content in all fresh meat samples and to study the potential toxicity of biogenic amines in various types of fresh meat. Sixteen samples of fresh meats including chicken, beef, pork and mutton were collected and analyzed. The most important biogenic amines found in all samples were tryptamine (TRP), phenylethylamine (PEA), histamine (HIS), putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), tyramine (TYR) and spermidine (SPD) throughout this study. The amount of biogenic amines was determined by extracting meat sample with 5% TCA, then derivatized with dansyl chloride and analyzed with RP-HPLC and UV detection with gradient elution of a binary system (ACN-H2O) and flow rate of 0.8mL/min. Seven amines were eluted out less than 25 minutes with well-resolved peak. The analysis yield a satisfactory linearity with a correlation coefficients above 0.99 and good recoveries (>85.10%). All seven biogenic amines were found in beef samples with mean concentration of 2.12, 0.29, 8.10, 0.55, 0.13, 2.96, 0.46 mg/L for TRP, PEA, HIS, PUT, CAD, TYR and SPD respectively. Beef 4 sample showed the highest level of HIS (23.71 mg/L) and highest total BA level of 32.77 mg/L compared to other beef samples. The total of BAs found in fresh chicken samples were relatively lower with total BA content ranged from 4.25 mg/L to 20.33 mg/L. The most abundant BAs found in mutton was TYR (12.03 mg/L) then followed by HIS (11.06 mg/L). Both BAs are the major contributor to toxicity. All pork samples contained the highest level of TRP (18.37 mg/L) but there is no literature reported on the toxicological effect of TRP after human consumption. No CAD was detected in any of the pork and mutton samples. TRP was detected in all of the 16 fresh meat samples while the least abundance BA was found to be SPD. Lastly, all the detected HIS and TYR contents did not exceeded the suggested upper limit of 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L respectively. Therefore, the meats are safe for human consumption.