Synthesis and Characterization of Waterborne Polyurethane Composing of Different Types of Chain Extender

Tan, Hong Qing (2018) Synthesis and Characterization of Waterborne Polyurethane Composing of Different Types of Chain Extender. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

The objective of this study is to describe the synthesis and characterisation of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) through prepolymer method. This study also aims to differentiate the properties of four different WPUs synthesized using polyethylene glycol (PEG), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and a chain extender in the presence of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL) as the catalyst. Dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) and pinacol (PNC) were implemented as diol type chain extenders while ethylene diamine (EDA) and hexane diamine (HDA) were added as diamine type chain extenders. The difference in each individual WPU synthesized depends on the chain extender charged into the reactor because diol type chain extender will form urethane linkage with the prepolymer while diamine type chain extender will form a linkage with stronger intermolecular force, namely urea linkage with the prepolymer. The four WPUs were specified as WPU-A, WPU-B, WPU-C and WPU-D respectively. The properties were each determined and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), rheometer and hardness testing (ASTM D3363-05). Before such analysis, a dry film had to be obtained beforehand by simply coating onto a glass slide followed by oven-dry except for viscosity analysis. After the analysis, both the diol type and diamine type chain extended WPU possessed quite similar properties. However, WPU-B possessed a weaker properties in comparison with the other 3 synthesized WPUs.