Extraction and Characterization of Collagen from the Scales of Black Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) & Hybrid Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)

Moorthy, Gowri (2019) Extraction and Characterization of Collagen from the Scales of Black Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) & Hybrid Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.). Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

Text Gowri Moorthy_Full Text.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (2MB)

Abstract

Tilapia is a popular edible fish and is the second largest fish produced in Malaysia. With Malaysian consuming high amount of fish and this indirectly leads to the accumulation of fish processing waste that cause environmental pollution. Fish scales seems as great potential source for collagen extraction. The primary objectives of this research were to extract and characterize the collagen from two different tilapia species using two different methods. Methods that were used were acid extraction and enzyme extraction. The collagen extracted from these two different tilapia species were subjected to percentage yield, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Appearance of extracted collagen from red tilapia was pale yellowish white color whilst black tilapia collagen has greyish yellow color. In this study, the maximum collagen yield for both tilapia species were obtained through enzyme extraction using pepsin compared to acid extraction. Collagen yield for red tilapia with acid soluble extraction was 19.45 % and pepsin soluble extraction was 25.16%. Collagen yield for black tilapia with acid soluble extraction was 11.34 % and pepsin soluble extraction was 17.67%. Direct measurement of collagen extracted were measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer from the 200-340 nm shows that it has peak around 220 nm. The data was tabulated using ANOVA in one way. The SDS-PAGE analysis suggested that the extracted collagen contained three chains which are beta dimers and alpha chains. Extracted collagen samples were analyzed using FTIR and confirmed the presence of amide I, amide II, amide III and amide A & B. In conclusion, tilapia scales can be used to extract collagen instead of using land-based mammals, providing a solution to fishery processing wastes. Keywords: Collagen, tilapia, acid soluble collagen, pepsin soluble collagen and scales.