Relative Validation of Food Frequency Questionnaire and 3 Day Food Record for Calcium Intake among Schoolchildren in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Pang, Xiao Jing (2019) Relative Validation of Food Frequency Questionnaire and 3 Day Food Record for Calcium Intake among Schoolchildren in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

uring adolescence, bone modelling and skeletal growth takes place rapidly and lead to the maximization of bone accrual. Calcium intake thus become more concerned in this particular age group. However, no suitable dietary assessment tool is available for usage among schoolchildren population in Malaysia. The present study aimed to evaluate the relative validity between Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and 3 day food record for assessing the calcium intake among the schoolchildren in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 112 schoolchildren (56.3% female and 43.6% male), aged 10 years and 11 years, were included in this study. Calcium intake was assessed using a 102-food item FFQ and validated against 3 days Food Record (FR). Paired T-test showed there is significant mean intake difference between two assessment methods. Moderately strong correlation was found between two methods. Bland-Altman analysis indicated low systematic bias between the two methods and constantly over-reporting by FFQ. Less than 5% subjects misclassified into part of distribution of calcium intake. 3-day FRs showed a relatively higher validity than FFQ. Schoolchildren in KL, Malaysia do not meet RNI for calcium.