Development of Passion Fruit and Citrus Peel Dark Chocolate

Yeo, Ying Ying (2019) Development of Passion Fruit and Citrus Peel Dark Chocolate. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Fruit wastes, mainly the peels and the seeds are produced as by-product in large quantities due to the high consumption and industrial processing of the edible parts of the fruits. In order to minimize the environmental impact of waste, this project aims to develop passion fruit and citrus peel dark chocolate using passion fruit with seeds and orange peel as functional ingredients. Dark chocolate is known for its high antioxidant capacity, especially rich in health-promoting flavonoids. Passion fruit with seeds and orange peel are high in dietary fiber content. Thus, the addition of these ingredients is to increase the dietary fiber content of dark chocolate. The effects of passion fruit and orange peel addition on the nutritive value, physicochemical properties, microbiological properties and sensorial properties of dark chocolate were evaluated. The passion fruit and orange peel dark chocolate comprises of 9.55% moisture, 51.15% fat, 3.06% total dietary fiber, 8.04% protein and 3.56% ashes. The sample contained significantly higher (p<0.05) dietary fiber (3.06±0.02 %) than that of the control (0.93±0.10 %). Sensory qualities of dark chocolate were evaluated by 35 panelists using a 9-point hedonic scales (1:dislike extremely to 9: like extremely). The mean overall acceptance score of sample was 6.91 out of 9 with an acceptance index of 77%. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of sample (86.10±0.13 %) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of the control (61.10±0.13 %). No bacteria were detected in both samples, indicating product safety. In conclusion, the development of passion fruit and orange peel dark chocolate provides an alternative way to deliver health-promoting antioxidants and dietary fiber to consumers. The product has acceptable sensory quality and also as a source of dietary fiber. Keywords: Passion fruit, orange peel, dark chocolate, antioxidants, dietary fiber.