Optimization of Extraction Condition for Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents from the Silk ff Zea Mays by Response Surface Methodology and its Phytochemical Study

Teo, Shao Hui (2020) Optimization of Extraction Condition for Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents from the Silk ff Zea Mays by Response Surface Methodology and its Phytochemical Study. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Zea Mays, also commonly referred to as corn or maize, is a part of the grass family Poaceae. The by-products of Zea Mays, the silks had been consumed as a treatment for various illnesses by our ancestors. The purpose of this study was to optimize the extraction conditions of Zea Mays silks by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and to study its phytochemical analysis. In this study, two factors (extraction temperature and time) were varied to determine the optimal extraction conditions under ultrasonic-assisted extraction method. By using the Central Composite Design of the RSM with the quadratic polynomial model obtained from the response surface plot, it was found that the optimal condition is 60°C and 90 minutes for the extraction of total phenolic contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC). The predicted value for TPC and TFC values were 126.11 mg GAE/g DW and 822.18 mg QDE/g DW, respectively. The anti-microbial properties of the crude extracts were evaluated through the disk diffusion method. However, no inhibition was found towards Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella aerogenes. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed to isolated and identify the compounds present in the crude. For the phytochemical study, 2-ethylhexyl 4-hydroxybenzoate was isolated and identified from the plant species, but more study is required to confirm the structure of the compound isolated. The phytochemical study is required to further confirm its application as a natural resource for bioactive compounds discovery.