A Review on Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution Using Iron Oxides-Based Nanomaterials as Magnetic Absorbents

Sea, Yi Fei (2021) A Review on Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution Using Iron Oxides-Based Nanomaterials as Magnetic Absorbents. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

With the extensively research done by numerous researchers, adsorption method using iron oxides-based nanomaterial is found to be one of the advisable modus operandi for removing the presence of heavy metals pollutants from aqueous environment attributed to its low cost, high availability and environmental-friendly nature. In this review, the scattered information on the iron oxides absorbents that are used for heavy metal removal in aquatic environment are compiled and presented. In addition to this, the various chemical routes for synthesizing different types of iron oxide nanoparticle sorbents such as micro-emulsions method, chemical coprecipitation method, sol-gel method and thermal decomposition method are deliberated in details. Adsorption studies on the efficiency of developed iron oxides nano-absorbents in removing heavy metals are also discussed thoroughly based on several parameters which include the solution pH, adsorbent dose, temperature, initial adsorbate concentration and contact time. Furthermore, the comprehensive information on characteristic mechanism of metal ion adsorption by metal oxides adsorbents are indicated clearly via the interaction with various instrument including X-ray diffractometer (XRD) for analysing chemical composition and crystalline structure, scanning electron microscope (SEM) for better understanding of surface structure properties, infrared spectroscopy (IR) for investigation of characteristic functional groups as well as thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) for determining thermal stability and fraction of volatile component. Apart from that, this review also states the future directions that can be adapted in order to serve as the remediation solutions in coping the aquatic environment crisis from the severe contamination of heavy metals