Effects of Different Drying Methods and Extraction Solvent on the Antioxidant Properties of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) Flower

Chua, Wai Yee (2021) Effects of Different Drying Methods and Extraction Solvent on the Antioxidant Properties of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) Flower. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) is an herbaceous plant rich in antioxidants which beneficial to health. The phytochemicals and bioactive compounds contributing to its antioxidant properties are primarily found in the butterfly pea flower petals. The present study is aimed to evaluate the effects of different drying technique on the antioxidant properties of butterfly pea flowers (in aqueous and ethanol extracts). In this study, the drying methods including sun drying, vacuum drying and convection drying. The antioxidant components analysed were total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin content. Antioxidant assays such as ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assay were carried out for the extracts. The extraction was performed through maceration at a constant time (24 hours) and temperature (30℃). Experimental results showed that all drying methods had significant differences on the antioxidant activity in aqueous and ethanol extracts. The highest ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging capacity were 84.785 ± 0.761 mg TE/100g and 23.025 ± 0.107 mg AAE/100 g respectively, which found in 80% ethanol extract of vacuum oven-dried sample (VE). Whereas 80% ethanol extract of convection oven-dried sample (CE) showed the highest value in FRAP value (111.698 ± 0.393 mg FE/100 g). On the other hand, CE found to have the highest phenolic compounds (129.586 ± 0.381 mg GAE/100 g) and anthocyanin concentration (198.021 ± 2.960 mg/L) while VE had the highest flavonoids content (19.009 ± 0.059 CAE/100 g). In overall, the best solvent used in maceration of butterfly pea flower was 80% ethanol. Whereas antioxidant activity by three different drying methods showed vacuum drying and convection drying obtained high antioxidant activity in 80% ethanol extracts than water extracts.