Eggshell as Renewable Filler for Natural Rubber

Tan, Po Wen (2022) Eggshell as Renewable Filler for Natural Rubber. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

The main objective of this study is to investigate the eggshell (ES) bio-filler as renewable filler for natural rubber. It investigates the optimum loading of eggshell powder (ESP) in rubber vulcanizate based on their overall performance. The loading of ESP ranging at 0phr 5phr, 10phr, 15phr, and 20phr and 25phr. Testing such as cure properties, hardness, tensile test, density test were carried out. Decreasing trend was observed in the maximum torque, MH. In the testing of scorch time, ts2 and cure time, tc90, both showed the same trend. Both trends decreased from the lowest ESP loading to the optimum ESP loading, then increase after reaching optimum ESP loading. In hardness testing, the trend of increasing from the lowest ESP loading vulcanizate then decrease after reaching optimum ESP loading vulcanizate at ESP 15. For tensile testing, the, ultimate tensile strength, UTS value increased as the ESP loading increased. But the trend decreased when the ESP loading had reached the optimum loading. Incorporation of ESP has no effect to M100 of the specimen. A similar trend was observed in both M300 and M500. In M700, the trend increased from lower ESP loading to higher ESP loading. A decreasing trend was observed in the elongation at break and slippage of specimen was observed and discussed in this study. A trend of linear and constant was observed in density test. The poor result of ESP 25 observed in tc90, hardness and tensile testing was discussed in this study. From the results obtained, it showed that ESP 20 has the best overall curing properties and mechanical properties.