Antibacterial Activity of Azadirachta Indica, Ocimum Sanctum and Curcuma Longa and Their Combined Antibacterial Effects

M. Nathan, Mugendran (2022) Antibacterial Activity of Azadirachta Indica, Ocimum Sanctum and Curcuma Longa and Their Combined Antibacterial Effects. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

Text MUGENDRAN NATHAN_Full Text.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (3MB)

Abstract

This study was carried out to observe the antibacterial activity of the Azadirachta indica ,Ocimum sanctum and Curcuma longa independently and their combined effects. Due to increasing development of antibiotic resistance by bacteria it is crucial to discover new antibacterial compounds with low cost because antibiotic resistance will increase medical expenses according to World Health Organization (WHO) report. This research will benefit health of Malaysians by preventing microbial infections and to combat against antibiotic resistance in an economic way. The three plant extracts used in this study easily can be grown in Malaysia with low cost. These three plants have been used for medical purposes. To support this study, some phytochemical tests were carried out and besides that, other properties such as anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antifungal effects were also literature reviewed. The fresh extracts of these plants were extracted in 95% ethanol for three days in a rotary shaker followed by removal of ethanol using rotary evaporator. Different concentrations of the extracts were prepared using DMSO. Agar Disc Diffusion Method was carried out for antibacterial tests with five different bacterial strains which were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella with four replicates for each to ensure the precision of data. All the data obtained from phytochemical tests as well as antibacterial test were tabulated. Average zones of inhibitions for different extracts concentrations and bacterial strains were presented. The antibacterial effects are much greater when all three Azadirachta indica, Curcuma longa and Ocimum sanctum extracts are combined together at 75mg/mL compared to individual extracts. In conclusion, Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum and Curcuma longa extracts can be used as antibacterial agent independently and also as a mixture for better antibacterial property in order to prevent microbial infections