Comparative Anticancer Study of Ternary [M(phen)(edda) Complexes (M(II)= Cu, Zn) and Cisplatin Towards Melanoma Cell Lines (SK-MEL-5) with Vector and Expression of EZH2

Yap, Xin Yue (2022) Comparative Anticancer Study of Ternary [M(phen)(edda) Complexes (M(II)= Cu, Zn) and Cisplatin Towards Melanoma Cell Lines (SK-MEL-5) with Vector and Expression of EZH2. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer with high metastatic potential and EZH2 expression have an effect in cancer cells which becomes a potential target for cancer therapy. The synthesis of ternary transition metal complexes [Cu, Zn(phen)(edda)] with a moderately cytotoxic intercalating bidentate ligand, N,N- ethylenediaminediacetic acid (H2edda) provide modes of action of anticancer metal-based compounds which targeting the DNA of cancer cells. It has an effect on transcriptional regulation, mRNA regulation by miRNAs, DNA accessibility via DNA binding proteins and ncRNAs, and post-translational modifications, which downregulate or suppress the overexpression of EZH2 genes in melanoma cells. This project aimed to investigate and compare the effectiveness of anticancer properties between different metal complexes and towards different cell lines. The metal that used in this experiment are copper, zinc and cisplatin. MTT assay was performed to check the cell viability of SK-MEL-5 with different expression of EZH2 after treated with different concentration (0, 0.1, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100) of metal complexes. Results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The main findings showed that the greater the effects of ternary complexes towards the EZH2 expression, the higher the effectiveness to regulate or inhibit the EZH2 expression in the melanoma cell, less gene silencing process, the massive growth of the cell can be controlled which lower the chance to produce tumour cell, the higher potency the types of metal complexes can be used as melanoma cell lines therapeutic. As conclusion, the copper Cu(phen)(edda) has the higher inhibitory and cytotoxicity effect towards the cell lines followed by Zn(phen)(edda) and cisplatin by observing the absorbance and the trend of the graph. The complexes have a better effect towards EZH 2 cells compared to SK-MEL-5 with vector which showed a decrease in resistance towards the metal complexes in EZH2 cells