Effect of Jicama and Mulberry Leaf Aqueous Extracts on the Simulated In-Vitro Digestion of Brown Rice and White Rice

Gan, Sin Ru (2022) Effect of Jicama and Mulberry Leaf Aqueous Extracts on the Simulated In-Vitro Digestion of Brown Rice and White Rice. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Jicama and mulberry leaf extracts have many health benefits due to their high phytochemicals content. However, limited study was conducted to determine the effect of digestion on the phytochemical and its bioactivity. This study investigated the effects of simulated in-vitro digestion on the change of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total ascorbic acid content, total reducing sugar, and alpha-amylase inhibition activity of jicama and mulberry leaf extracts. Besides, the effects of jicama and mulberry leaf extracts on the digestion of white rice and brown rice were also investigated through a simulated in-vitro digestion model. Results of this study showed that total phenolic, total flavonoid content, and alpha-amylase inhibition activity of both extracts were increased after gastric digestion but decreased upon intestinal digestion. Alpha-amylase inhibition activity was correlated to total phenolic content of jicama and mulberry leaf extracts. Flavonoid compounds in the mulberry leaf extracts also contributed to alpha-amylase inhibitory effect. However, the total reducing sugar of the extracts was increased from gastric digestion to the end of intestinal digestion. When the cooked rice was added with jicama and mulberry leaf extracts respectively, the rate of total reducing sugar released was reduced upon digestion. This study proved that addition of jicama and mulberry leaf extracts into brown rice and white rice could be an effective diet strategy to prevent sharp blood sugar fluctuation after meal. Among the formulations, the addition of mulberry leaf extracts into brown rice was the most effective diet to prevent sharp blood sugar fluctuation after meals compared to other formulations