Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Passion Fruit Wastes and Their Potential Applications in the Food Industry: a Scoping Review

Low, Xinyin (2022) Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Passion Fruit Wastes and Their Potential Applications in the Food Industry: a Scoping Review. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Worldwide, the production of fresh fruit exceeds one billion tons, of which about 62% comes from tropical fruits. High production of tropical fruits inevitably leads to large amounts of fruit waste. Passion fruit is one of the tropical fruits widely consumed and used in the fruit processing industry, resulting in large amounts of waste. This review aims (i) to identify the bioactive compounds that can be extracted from the passion fruit wastes, (ii) to determine the extraction methods and appropriate extraction conditions to obtain high yields of bioactive compounds from the passion fruit wastes, and (iii) to determine the applications of bioactive compounds extracted from the passion fruit wastes in the food industry. This review was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Research Gate, Springer, and MDPI electronic databases. More than one hundred publications were screened based on inclusion criteria and keywords. After screening, a total of thirty-nine papers were included in this study. Papers were discussed on the extraction methods and conditions to obtain maximum bioactive compounds from passion fruit waste and their applications in the food industry. Bioactive compounds such as dietary fiber, phenolic compounds, seed oil, natural colorants, and enzymes can be extracted from the passion fruit wastes. Green extraction techniques were suggested to extract the bioactive compounds from the passion fruit wastes compared to conventional methods due to the high yield, energy effectiveness, and environment friendly. However, extracting antioxidants from passion fruit seeds and anthocyanin from passion fruit peels was more focused on conventional extraction, and future work on green extraction techniques can be conducted. Besides, the extracted bioactive compounds are potential to be used as raw ingredients, food additives, and food packaging that provide better characteristics in the food industry. In summary, this review provides insight into the transformation of passion fruit waste into valuable products via various extraction methods to reduce the negative impacts of the waste on the environment, economy, and society