Review on the Association of Intermittent Fasting on Cardiovascular Diseases and the Risk Factors: Weight Control, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Type-2 Diabetes in Adults

Kamaraj, Seetha (2022) Review on the Association of Intermittent Fasting on Cardiovascular Diseases and the Risk Factors: Weight Control, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Type-2 Diabetes in Adults. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Over the last few decades, cardiovascular disease has been rising steadily across the globe being one of the leading causes of death. Lately, the number of CVD cases has increased in adults. One of the factors for this disease include an unhealthy lifestyle. A recent popular dietary pattern called intermittent fasting is based upon timed periods of fasting and it is well known for its ability to improve cardiac health while being convenient and easy to practise compared to other diets. However, there is a lack of human studies on the association of intermittent fasting and CVD. This paper aims to review the association of intermittent fasting on cardiovascular diseases and risk factors: weight control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, type-2 diabetes in adults. The study used sources from GoogleScholar, PubMed, ResearchGate, NCBI, ScienceDirect and NEJM. All the 7 studies obtained from online databases were extracted, compiled and recorded. These studies show that intermittent fasting has a positive impact on the effect of CVD and its risk factors. Weight loss changes were obvious in the studies. Decrease in blood pressure was larger in subjects that fasted for longer days and were able to reduce or inhibit medication for hypertensive medicated subjects. Lipid profile showed some improvements but which specific lipid or how it is improved were not known through the studies and supporting materials. There was a significant reduction in glycated haemoglobin levels and even reversed their type 2 diabetes. These findings suggest that intermittent fasting improves cardiovascular health and may reduce the risk of CVD. It may also offer clinical benefits someday. Further research is needed to identify other factors that could strengthen the effectiveness of intermittent fasting