An Efficient Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in Fried and Toasted Malaysian Food by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD)

Ilangovan, Sarah (2023) An Efficient Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in Fried and Toasted Malaysian Food by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD). Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

Text Sarah Ilangovan_Full Text.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (1MB)

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of compounds known for its ubiquitous nature as well as its carcinogenic and genotoxic properties. The most common pathway of PAHs are through food consumption hence, the importance lies in the determination of PAHs as well as the quantitation to ensure food consumed has safe levels. 11 PAHs, that is anthracene, benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[ghi]perylene, chrysene, fluorene, fluoranthene, phenanthrene and pyrene are selected in this study due to its frequent occurrence in many types of food. The samples chosen were 10 Malaysian delicacies, 5 types each representing the fried and toasted category respectively. As food samples contain complex matrices, the extraction and detection technique is important. In this study, an acid extraction method is implemented with the help of ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and the analytes are detected with high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD).The method is validated and the percentage recovery obtained is 48.6833% to 139.8502% with LOD and LOQ of 0.0049 μg/L to 0.1232 μg/L and 0.0149 μg/L to 0.4299 μg/L respectively with a precision of less than 10% of percentage relative standard deviation. Benzo[a]pyrene is used as a carcinogenic marker for the determination of the safety of food consumption. Keropok lekor has benzo[a]pyrene levels of 25.84 μg/L, more than 20 times the permissible amount