Baker's Yeast Cell Biomass Production from Sugar Hydrolysate of Kuih Lapis and Kuih Talam: Investigation on the Effects of Fat Removal

Wong, Wei Herng (2023) Baker's Yeast Cell Biomass Production from Sugar Hydrolysate of Kuih Lapis and Kuih Talam: Investigation on the Effects of Fat Removal. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

The short shelf life and high fat content of Nyonya kuih result in substantial food waste. Meanwhile, its high fat content restricting the conversion of leftover kuih into usable items. To address this issue, a study was conducted to develop methods of fat eliminate of the kuih wastes, then subsequently use them as the substrate for single cell protein (SCP) production. Kuih Talam and Kuih Lapis were the selected substrate of this study. In this study, the efficiency of fat removals, which is lipase pre-treatment and filtration post treatment using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-treated cotton were determined. The effect of fat removal on the hydrolysis of kuih using amylase enzyme in the preparation of sugar hydrolysate was investigated. Besides, the effect of fat content on the yield of Baker's yeast cell biomass was also determined. Three different combinations of treatments, namely (1) lipase pre-treatment, (2) PVP filtration post-treatment and (3) combined lipase pre-treatment and PVP filtration post treatment were applied to both Kuih Talam and Kuih Lapis. The untreated kuih was served as the experiment control. Additionally, molasses was used as positive control for the experiment of Baker’s yeast fermentation in SCP production. The study revealed that combining lipase pre-treatment and PVP filtration post treatment resulted in a higher protein content of single cell protein (SCP), even though the biomass yield was lesser compared to the molasses-fed yeast. Besides, the study showed that lipase treatments pretreated kuih produced hydrolysate with a significantly higher sugar content of the hydrolysate. Additionally, post treatment with PVP filtration was found to further increase the sugar content of the hydrolysate obtained from both Kuih Talam and Kuih Lapis. This study highlights the potential of sugar hydrolysate of pretreated Nyonya kuih for SCP production. Keywords: Nyonya kuih; single cell protein; fat removal