Isolation of Carbazole Alkaloid from Murraya Koenigii and Its Anti-Obesity Properties

Chew, Ying Xin (2024) Isolation of Carbazole Alkaloid from Murraya Koenigii and Its Anti-Obesity Properties. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

Murraya koenigii (M. koenigii), an ayurvedic plant renowned for its medicinal properties, has been traditionally utilised for treating various ailments including diabetes, anaemia, and eye-related disorders. Recent studies attribute its therapeutic efficacy to carbazole alkaloids. Given the escalating prevalence of obesity and the quest for safer, natural inhibitors, in this study, the anti-obesity potential of M. koenigii roots were investigated. The carbazole alkaloids from M. koenigii roots were extracted and purified. In addition, the hexane crude extract, along with its subfractions and isolated compounds, were evaluated for their anti-obesity properties. The crude extract exhibited a moderate inhibition rate of 47.53% ± 2.18 at 10 mg/mL concentration. Whereas, all of the subfractions except for subfraction 3-4 and 6-8 displayed excellent inhibition, with IC50 values ranging from 2.22 to 8.20 mg/mL. A carbazole alkaloid, namely girinimbine, was successfully isolated from M. koenigii roots and it demonstrated potent inhibition of PL comparable to the pharmaceutical agent orlistat, with an IC50 of 168.19 μg. Given girinimbine’s remarkable PL inhibitory activity, it should be developed into a natural source of anti-obesity agents. Hence, subsequent research can delve into isolating additional carbazole alkaloids and elucidating the mode of action by in silico study such as molecular docking and toxicity profile of girinimbine.