Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Green Synthesised Silver Nanoparticles from Chrysanthemum Morifolium Extract Against MSU Crystal-Induced Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cell Line

Bong, Zhen Sheng (2024) Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Green Synthesised Silver Nanoparticles from Chrysanthemum Morifolium Extract Against MSU Crystal-Induced Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cell Line. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

Gout is a form of arthritis caused by hyperuricemia, elevated levels of urate cause monosodium urate (MSU) crystals deposition in the joint, macrophages recognise the MSU crystal as a foreign antigen and activates signalling pathways for the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as nitric oxide (NO2) which exerts inflammation responses such as redness and pain around the joints which are the common symptoms of gout. With the rising popularity of nanoparticles, many agree that the biological green synthesis method should be adopted as the primary method of nanoparticle synthesis with advantages such as environmentally friendly, less energy consuming, and higher yield. The properties of silver nanoparticles have been widely investigated and known to exhibit antibacterial, antimicrobial, anticancer effect and many more, these effects were attributed to their high surface area at the nanoscale and multi-component activities from its surrounding phytocompound from medicinal plants. Chrysanthemum morifolium is a flower that has been a big part of Chinese medicine for millennia for treating diseases and improving the people’s health with the variety of phytocompounds in the plant. In this study, silver nanoparticles are synthesised using Chrysanthemum morifolium extract via green synthesis method, the nanoparticles produced were characterised using FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, DLS and Flame AAS. Its effect on RAW 264.7 macrophage viability are investigated through MTT assay, and its anti-inflammatory effects are compared to chemically synthesised silver nanoparticles against MSU-crystal stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages via Griess Assay. CM extract and CM AgNP does not induce cytotoxicity while chemical AgNP reduces cell viability at higher concentrations. CM extract, CM-AgNP and chemical AgNP were found to reduce nitric oxide production in MSU crystal-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage in a dose dependent manner.