Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Effects of Corn Silk Peptide and the Commercial Fulvic Acid Solution towards Pathogenic Oral and Skin Bacteria: an In-Vitro Study

Chu, Fang Qing (2024) Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Effects of Corn Silk Peptide and the Commercial Fulvic Acid Solution towards Pathogenic Oral and Skin Bacteria: an In-Vitro Study. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

Pathogenic oral and skin bacteria have been co-existing with humans for a long period which causes diseases that could lead to fatality. Topics about antimicrobial resistance have sparked over the years with the usage of the same modern medicine. The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of corn silk peptide (CSP) and commercial fulvic acid (FA) solution towards pathogenic oral and skin bacteria. The oral bacteria studied were Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans, while the skin bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The study carried out broth microdilution assay to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), while the crystal violet staining technique was used for the biofilm inhibition assay and mature biofilm eradication assay. The MIC of CSP towards S. mutans, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa were 120 μg/mL, 200 μg/mL, 150 μg/mL, and 100 μg/mL respectively. Meanwhile, the MIC of FA towards P. gingivalis, S. mutans, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa were 4 % v/v, 6 % v/v, 4 % v/v, 3 % v/v, and 5 % v/v respectively. Furthermore, the antibiofilm assays were carried out within the range of 50 to 250 μg/mL for CSP, along with the range of 1 to 7 % v/v. The following reported values were from the highest concentration studied of each bacteria. CSP exhibited significant inhibition effect of 90.76 ± 2.11 %, 91.63 ± 0.59 %, 67.03 ± 0.72 %, and 79.336 ± 0.83 % for S. mutans, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa respectively. Fulvic acid solution exhibited inhibition effect of 95.60 ± 0.20 %, 87.65 ± 0.36 %, 75.69 ± 0.03 % for S. mutans, S. aureus, and K. pneumoniae respectively. Besides that, CSP exhibited significant eradication effect of 83.90 ± 1.08 %, 91.30 ± 0.21 %, 58.49 ± 1.71 %, and 88.17 ± 1.40 % for S. mutans, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa respectively. FA solution exhibited significant eradication effect of 60.30 ± 6.33 % and 86.54 ± 0.93 % for K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa respectively. Overall, corn silk peptide and fulvic acid had exhibited antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity towards most oral and skin bacteria that was studied.