Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline (PANI)/TiO2 Adsorbent for CO2 Capture

Kwek, Kian Jin (2026) Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline (PANI)/TiO2 Adsorbent for CO2 Capture. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

To help overcome problems related to global warming, adsorption has been determined to possess great potential. However, conventional adsorbents possess limitations such as difficult synthesis process and potential toxicity, which could be overcame using PANI and PANI-TiO2. Two different types of PANI were synthesized, that being PANI-ES and PANI-EB. PANI-ES (PANI-HCl, PANI-H2SO4, PANI-H3PO4 & PANI-TiO2) was prepared through chemical oxidation method with different dopants (HCl, H2SO4 & H3PO4) and different TiO2 loading (5% & 20%). PANI-ES was undoped with NH4OH to prepare PANI-EB (PANI-NH4OH). FTIR and UV-vis confirmed that PANI-HCl, PANI-H2SO4, PANI-H3PO4, PANI-5TiO2 and PANI- 20TiO2 are in semiconducting state, while PANI-NH4OH is in insulating EB state. All ES possesses high σ of 7.739 S/cm to 19.050 S/cm, whereas EB is insulating. PANI-ES possesses CO2 adsorption capacity of 5.76 mg/g to 34.58 mg/g, which was higher than PANI-EB (13.96 mg/g). Addition of TiO2 affected CO2 adsorption capacity to range of 15.29 mg/g to 34.17 mg/g. Out of all samples, PANI-HCl has highest CO2 adsorption capacity as it has moderate surface area of 19.8544 m2/g and pore volume (0.0919 cm3/g), while having good balance of micropores and mesopores. PANI-HCl was used for further adsorption isotherm model fitting, where it was determined to agree with Langmuir isotherm model at R2 = 0.991, suggesting homogeneous monolayer adsorption as the mechanism for adsorption.