Solar-Powered Automated Sprinkler System

Yap, Wei Quan (2026) Solar-Powered Automated Sprinkler System. Final Year Project (Diploma), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

This project presents the design and development of a solar-powered automated sprinkler system aimed at overcoming the inefficiencies of traditional irrigation methods in small-scale applications. Traditional irrigation methods often result in uneven water distribution across different soils and plants, excessive water consumption and high labour requirements. To address these challenges, the proposed system utilizes solar energy as the primary power source, supported by rechargeable batteries for continuous operation independent of the electrical grid. Real-time monitoring to achieve automated irrigation through soil moisture, temperature and humidity sensors. A combination of sprinkler and rotational mechanism is designed to ensure even water distribution across areas with different soil and plant types. The proposed system integrates an Arduino Uno microcontroller, solar panel, water pump, sensors, batteries, sprinkler and rotational mechanism into a working prototype. Experimental results demonstrate that the system is capable of performing automated irrigation based on both soil moisture conditions and environmental parameters, including temperature and humidity. A priority and queuing control logic was successfully implemented to ensure proper coordination between the two control mechanisms, preventing overlapping operations and ensuring accurate sector-based irrigation. The sprinkler rotation mechanism effectively covers multiple irrigation sectors, providing uniform water distribution across different soil types. In addition, the system shows stable water pump operation through the implementation of delay-based control. The integrated solar power system is also capable of supplying sufficient energy to support continuous system operation under normal conditions. Overall, this solar-powered automated sprinkler system enhances efficiency, reliability and sustainability in irrigation, offering cost-effective, user-friendly and safe solutions for smallscale applications