Effects of Different Extraction Methods on Color Stability, Phytochemical Content and Antihyperglycemic Potential of Pandanus Amaryllifolius Extract

Tan, Shervien (2026) Effects of Different Extraction Methods on Color Stability, Phytochemical Content and Antihyperglycemic Potential of Pandanus Amaryllifolius Extract. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

Pandanus amaryllifolius is widely used as a natural coloring agent and may have antihyperglycemic activity. However, the color stability and functional properties of pandan extract may vary depending on the extraction method used. This study aimed to determine the effects of different extraction methods on the color stability, phytochemical content, and antihyperglycemic potential of pandan extract. Pandan leaves were prepared using maceration, infusion, and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and were analyzed for extraction yield, color intensity, color stability, phytochemical content, and α-amylase inhibitory activity. The results showed that infusion produced the highest extraction yield (11.41 ± 0.39%). Maceration gave a bright, light green and yellowish extract, infusion produced a lighter and more yellowish extract, while UAE produced a darker and greener extract. In terms of color stability, infusion retained color more effectively under heat treatment, acidic and weakly acidic pH, and low-temperature storage at 4°C. UAE gave the highest TPC (19.63 ± 0.13 mg GAE/g DW) and TFC (8.79 ± 0.08 mg QE/g DW). UAE also showed the strongest α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 2.82 ± 0.08 mg/mL), followed by maceration and infusion. Different extraction methods were shown to significantly (p < 0.001) affect the color stability, phytochemical content, and antihyperglycemic potential of pandan extract. Significant Spearman correlations (p < 0.001) were observed between phytochemical content and antihyperglycemic activity. Infusion was the most suitable extraction method for color retention, although its suitability depends on the intended use of the extract and the expected color of the final product, while UAE was the most suitable method for producing pandan extract with high phytochemical content and strong antihyperglycemic potential.