Developing an Integrated Framework for Employee Code of Conduct and Whistleblowing Policy for VTO Vision Care Sdn. Bhd.

Ong, Yih Shuen (2026) Developing an Integrated Framework for Employee Code of Conduct and Whistleblowing Policy for VTO Vision Care Sdn. Bhd. Masters thesis, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

This project, titled “Developing an Integrated Framework for Employee Code of Conduct and Whistleblowing Policy for VTO Vision Care Sdn. Bhd.”, addresses governance gaps in the VTO Vision Care by developing formal ethical policies suited to its organisational context. The company currently relies on informal practices and verbal guidance to manage employee conduct and misconduct reporting, which may lead to inconsistency, weak accountability and limited transparency. Therefore, this project develops an Employee Code of Conduct and a Whistleblowing Policy to strengthen internal governance. This study adopts a qualitative approach, supported by a literature review and purposive sampling. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview with the director and a focus group discussion with selected employees to obtain practical insights into the company’s current practices and governance issues. The data were then analysed using a thematic approach to identify the key issues and patterns that informed the development of the proposed policies. The findings show that VTO Vision Care lacks formal standards for employee conduct and a structured channel for reporting misconduct. In response, the proposed policies provide clearer behavioural guidance, formal reporting and investigation procedures, whistleblower protection, and stronger accountability measures. Their implementation is expected to strengthen ethical conduct, improve transparency and compliance, enhance stakeholder confidence, and support the company’s long-term sustainability and growth.