Small Smart Agriculture Irrigation System

Pow, Victor Yie Yuaw (2026) Small Smart Agriculture Irrigation System. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

The “Small Smart Agriculture Irrigation System” project is a solution to solve the prevalent challenges of inefficient water usage caused by insufficient knowledge, lack of real-time data, and intruder concerns faced by gardeners, hobbyist farmers, and small-scale farmers. The system is designed to be affordable, scalable, and easy-to-use by integrating a Flutter-based mobile application to handle the communication between the network of hardware. The system’s scope includes a failover redundancy for ESP8266 Gateway, scalable Sensor- Actuator Nodes for “smart” actions, and an ESP32-CAM for motion-activated security. Smart actions can be done by checking weather conditions, soil moisture, and manual override flag at the same time. Security captures however, are uploaded to Supabase cloud storage and logged in Firebase. The project followed an Agile development methodology, using languages such as C++ in Arduino IDE to control the microcontrollers, and Dart to develop a working mobile application in Android Studio, while using Firebase as real-time database, and Supabase as image storage. System validation was performed via multiple test strategies such as integration testing, endto- end functional testing, and performance testing to ensure the system is working as expected before deployment. This is to negate any possibilities of gateway communication failures, data access failures, validation oversights, and performance deterioration. Results show a fully functional prototype that successfully demonstrates all core features. This project achieved the implementation of a reliable dual-gateway redundancy mechanism which is extremely rare to find in a low-cost system on the market. This proved the architecture to be a robust and innovative solution. Despite the need for multiple important aspects such as stable yet ample power supply for the hardware and manual sensor calibration, the system effectively provided a widely accessible platform for smart agriculture suitable for a small system and enclosed environment.