Sensor-Based System for Real-Time Plant Monitoring and Optimization

Chong, Siang Wei (2026) Sensor-Based System for Real-Time Plant Monitoring and Optimization. Final Year Project (Diploma), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

Many people enjoy growing plants but have limited time for daily care. This project proposes a sensor-based system that automatically controls watering, light, and nutrients to support healthy plant growth. A lot of people like to plant but have less of time to take care the plants so the smart automatic planting is a best choice for them. The Sensor-Based System for Real-Time Monitoring and Optimization of Plant Growth project is to solve the problem and have been separated into three parts. The sensors used in this project are soil moisture sensor, water pump, water level sensor, (Light Emitting Diode) LED, buzzer, light sensor and servo motor. Firstly, the watering system that is automatically monitoring the soil is dry or wet. If the soil is dry the water pump switch on for a few seconds to automatically watering the plants. If the soil is wet then the water pump switch off. There is a water tank that collects rainwater outside so will automatically pump water to the water tank that located beside the plants. The water level sensor is use to monitor the water level of the water tank that located beside plants if the water level is lower than certain level then the buzzer will turn on to make sure the water in water tank always enough. Next fertilizer system, in this case there will have a nutrient sensor to detect the nutrient of the soil if detected nutrient level is too low, the system will automatically fertilize its control by a water pump due to fertilizer is liquid type. If the fertilizer level is lower than aa certain level, the red LED will turn on so need to add the fertilizer as manually. Lastly, light intensity can be examined by using the light sensor. If the light greater than certain value and the plants have been exposed for specific time then the cover will close by using a 180 degrees servo motor. If there is no light when cover open then the white LED turn on for a 2 second. This project aligns with Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure (SDG 9). The aim for this project is to improve the quality of plants due to the environment problem and the take care plants problems.