Library Self-service Machine for Automated Return and Tracking System (L-SMARTS)

Kang, Xin Rui (2025) Library Self-service Machine for Automated Return and Tracking System (L-SMARTS). Final Year Project (Diploma), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

In many libraries, the process of returning books still follows a traditional manual approach, where all tasks are handled by librarians. While this method is long established, it often leads to several inefficiencies. Students are required to return books strictly within office hours, which may not always be convenient, especially for those with busy academic schedules. This limitation not only increases the workload of librarians but also contributes to common issues such as delayed returns and a noticeable decline in borrowing frequency among students. These challenges highlight the need for a more effective, automated, and student-friendly solution. To address this problem, the project introduces L-SMART, a smart and automated book return system designed to modernize the current process. The system incorporates multiple innovative technologies to ensure accuracy, reliability, and ease of use. An RFID access scanner is employed to verify the validity of students’ identities and borrowing status, ensuring secure and authorized usage. A colour sensor is integrated to automatically sort returned books according to category, while a weight sensor confirms that a book has been properly inserted, preventing errors and misuse. Beyond the technical functions, L-SMART also integrates a merit–demerit mechanism and a gamification-reward system, both of which aim to encourage responsible borrowing behaviour. These features provide positive reinforcement for timely book returns and motivate students to actively engage with library resources. Furthermore, the initiative is aligned with the principles of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4: Quality Education, as it promotes lifelong learning, expands access to knowledge, and supports equitable education opportunities. By streamlining the book return process and reducing dependency on manual operations, L-SMART not only improves operational efficiency but also enhances the overall library experience for both students and librarians. Ultimately, the proposed system transforms the library into a smarter, more accessible, and interactive learning environment that better supports academic success and cultivates sustainable learning practices.