Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Pua, Yin Shuang (2016) Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Chrysanthemum morifolium. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Gout is caused by the crystallization of uric acid in the joints; the formation of uric acid requires xanthine oxidase (XO) as a cofactor. A xanthine oxidase inhibitor (XOI) is recommended to inhibit the xanthine oxidase activity. Some research journals have proved that some chrysanthemum species contain XOI. In this study, Chrysanthemum morifolium was suspected to have gout-treating effect. The C. morifolium was extracted by using 80% methanol (crude extract); the extract was then partitioned in ethyl acetate (EA), petroleum ether (PE) and residual (RS) fractions. Allopurinol, a commercial XOI, was used as a positive control in this study. The xanthine oxidase inhibitory (XOI) assay was modified from Sweeney et. al. (2001). The formation of uric acid was measured at 295nm using a microplate reader. Allopurinol was found to exhibited 99.23 ± 0.93% inhibition; EA fraction has 55.20 ± 2.86% inhibition; while crude, PE and residual fraction (RF) have a %XOI of 35.26 ± 3.14%, 32.07 ± 7.97% and 29.80 ± 5.56%, respectively. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of allopurinol and EA fraction were 2.46 μg/ml and 20.31 μg/ml, respectively. Based on the enzyme kinetic study, the EA fraction exhibited mixed mode inhibitory action. The present study suggested that C. morifolium exhibited xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity and can be a potent natural anti-hyperuricemic agent.