Comparison of Anticancer Activities of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and Bentong Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Bentong) Extracts

Ng, Yii Ching (2017) Comparison of Anticancer Activities of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and Bentong Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Bentong) Extracts. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Ginger, a rhizome, is well-known for its diverse therapeutic potentials mainly due to its anti-oxidative and anticancer properties. In this present study, total phenolic content (TPC) of the rhizome extracts from three varieties of ginger, i.e. ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), Bentong ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Bentong) and blue ginger (Alpinia galanga) were examined. The highest TPC of all three rhizome extracts was obtained with 80% ethanol with ginger extract (14.45 ± 0.24 mg GAE/g of extract) being the greatest, followed by Bentong ginger (13.89 ± 0.21 mg GAE/g of extract) and blue ginger (5.84 ± 0.05 mg GAE/g of extract). The HPLC results showed that both the ginger and Bentong ginger extracts with 80% ethanol after concentration contained the highest amount of [6]-gingerol, which were (407.15 ± 1.45) μg/mL and (213.80 ± 1.09) μg/mL, respectively. On the contrary, no [6]- gingerol was identified in blue ginger extract. To examine the anticancer activity of the extracts, ginger and Bentong ginger extracts containing [6]-gingerol were selected. MCF-7 was treated with 50 μg/mL of each of the extract for 6, 16 and 24 hours, and the cell viability was assayed with trypan blue staining. The results revealed that the ginger extract reduced the cell viability to 67.98% at 6h, 36.56% at 16h and 22.83% at 24h, while treatment with the Bentong ginger extract yielded 74.95%, 46.48% and 38.95% viable cells, respectively. This study demonstrates the anticancer properties in these two gingers are attributed to their [6]-gingerol contents.