Development of Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni as Non-calories Sweetener

Mah, Siew Kuan (2011) Development of Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni as Non-calories Sweetener. Final Year Project (Other), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni, a plant that contain Steviol glycoside, the compound which responsible for the taste of sweet are 300 sweeter than sugar. Ten type of Steviol glycoside were reviewed in the plant but majority of them are Stevioside and Rebaudioside A. Stevioside and Rebaudioside A were found to be stable in low temperature and high pH. The biosynthesis of Steviol glycoside were following Mevalonic Acid Pathway or Methylerythritol phosphate pathway. Derivative of Stevioside or Isosteviol became initial steps in synthesis scheme of Serofendic acid. The metabolism of Steviol glycoside was found to be hydrolyzed by microflora in the human and rats G.I tract. Analytical method analyses of Steviol glycoside were separate into extraction and determination method. Extraction methods of Steviol glycoside from the leaves are reviewed. First is the cheap and easy to operate which is the solvent extraction. Next, are the intensification extraction methods which are microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction that able to increase Stevisoide yield. Apart from that, the project also reviews many other design of extraction method such as membrane separation scheme, adsorbent with pyridyl group and electrolysis purification. Determination method is also reviewed in this project. There are High-pressure liquid chromatography complement with ELSD which studies involve comparison between UV detector and Evaporative Light Scattering Detector used in High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Next is the advance High performance thin layer chromatography which studies involve investigation of method accuracy, sensitivity and resolution.