The Precursors and Fear of COVID-19 Effect on the Post-Pandemic Intention to Visit

Liu, Songnan (2022) The Precursors and Fear of COVID-19 Effect on the Post-Pandemic Intention to Visit. Masters thesis, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) is one of the most robust models in explaining health-related behaviour. In this study, we tested the TPB to predict people’s intentions for COVID-19 booster vaccination. An online cross-sectional survey was developed to investigate respondents' intentions for COVID-19 booster vaccination based on the components of the TPB (i.e., attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control) and other components (i.e., hygiene and safety, fear of COVID-19). Nonprobability sampling was used to collect data from 268 respondents in Malaysia in December 2021. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to examine the proposed model. Enrolled respondents were more female (53.7%, n=144) respondents than male respondents (46.3%, n=124). Moreover, in the aspect of age demography, 59% of the respondents are within the age group of 18 – 31 years old (n=158) and most of the respondents in terms of education level are Bachelor’s Degree (30.6%, n=82). Most of the respondents have travel experience (97.4%), and 49.3% of the respondents have travelled once a year, 32.8% travel 2-3 times in a year. The results showed that respondents' attitude positively influenced their intention for COVID-19 booster vaccination. Also, hygiene and safety positively impact the post-pandemic intention to visit. In addition, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control were also significant predictors for intention for COVID-19 booster vaccination. However, fear of COVID-19 was not significant predictors for intention for COVID-19 booster vaccination. The present study demonstrated that the TPB appears to be an efficient model with the focus on attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, hygiene and safety, and fear of COVID-19 in explaining respondents' intention for COVID-19 booster vaccination.