Crash Analysis and Design of Road Traffic Dividers Using ANSYS

Wong, Billy Kiin Tian (2017) Crash Analysis and Design of Road Traffic Dividers Using ANSYS. Final Year Project (Bachelor), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College.

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Abstract

the research by World Health Organization in 2015, stated that road injury is one of the top ten causes of death globally. Definitely, car accidents are the main causes of road injury and it occurs unexpectedly around the world every day. From 2001 to 2013, the population of people death caused by traffic accident is kept on rising to above 1.2 million per year. Hence, guard rail or road traffic barrier plays an important role to avoid automobiles that travel in opposite direction to impact with each other and also redirect the vehicles to its own way. By taking account into the evolution of automobiles throughout the years, different types, shapes and materials of road traffic barriers are designed and improved among the years. However, all these shares the same reason that is reduce the occupants risk in the automobiles. In this study, three types of most common road safety barriers are designed which are W-beam, Thrie-beam and Concrete to do the crash test by using computer simulation. The designs are drawn by using SOLIDWORKS 2016 program and imported to ANSYS program to do crash test simulation. ANSYS program provides finite element method to do analysis on the behaviour of guardrails and vehicles after impact. The crash test on the traffic guardrails are regarding to the NCHRP Report 350 test designation 3-11 standard. The length of deflection and stress on each rail that existed in every type of guardrails is obtained in different end times which are 0.025s, 0.05s and 0.075s. Besides, the tension force and stress subjected to each rail are plotted in graphs. In addition, the effect of every type of barrier after the collision is compared. Concrete barrier concluded to be the least deflection barriers among the all. Other than that, maximum deflection of every part involved in the guardrail system is tested by using ANSYS program and the results are compared with the theoretical hand calculation. The maximum percentage error of less than 6% is obtained.