Development of a Portable Solar-Powered Water Heater for Outdoor Enthusiasts

Wong, Xiang Jun (2025) Development of a Portable Solar-Powered Water Heater for Outdoor Enthusiasts. Final Year Project (Diploma), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

This project shows the design and development of a portable solar water heater to provide an efficient, alternative, sustainable solution for bathing and camping needs in rural areas. The system utilises the natural heat convection thermosyphon method, which enhances thermal efficiency with the natural effect. Various designs of solar collectorswere evaluated, and a spiral configurationwas selected for optimal heat absorption. Key materials, including the copper pipes for transferring heat, a foldable polyethylene water tank for portability, and an acrylic collector cover due to cost effectiveness, were considered for the prototype. Concept drawing was proposed, and the prototype was fabricated and tested under three different time zones at the same location. The prototype met the objective but did not function as expected due to the heat loss and fabrication challenges, especially insulation. Despite these limitations, the project demonstrates the potential of a low-cost, portable solar heater for off-grid use. Future improvements should prioritise heat insulation and retention for practical application. This work contributes to sustainable energy alternatives, offering a viable option for communities that lack conventional heating methods or limited electricity access in rural areas.