Arduino Obstacle Avoiding Car

Lam, Kim Yong (2026) Arduino Obstacle Avoiding Car. Final Year Project (Diploma), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology.

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Abstract

In this paper, the design of a distance measuring oscillator-based on Arduino with integrated obstacle avoidance robot is presented. This work fills a gap in a!ordable and tangible learning solutions for autonomous navigation and embedded control systems. It is intended for creating an obstacle avoidance system that detects obstacles at very close range and that acts promptly in real-time. The hardware is an 8-bit microcontroller Arduino Uno with L298N driver, an HCSR04 Ultrasonic sensor, DC geared motors and a servo motor for multi-angle scanning. To scan di!erent directions and increase coverage of detection, the ultrasonic sensor is attached on the servo motor. An embedded controller evaluates the distance information and decides whether the mobile robot advances or backs along a curved path to avoid obstacles when obstacles are detected. Experimental results show that the ultrasonic sensor has an average measuring error less than 2 perent in the specified range. The success rate of the obstacle avoidance system was 80 perccent in the controlled experiment. The results show that the system can detect obstacles reliably and independently avoid obstacles. This work presents a straightforward end-to-end Arduino platform based approach to building a low-cost autonomous robot with potential applications in educational and indoor/outdoor research exposure in basic navigation